New York S9051-B
From State AI laws: enacted, with proof: Which US states have enacted laws about AI systems, when do they start, who enforces them, and what is the penalty?
State: New York
The state whose legislature passed the law.
The People of the State of New York
Source: https://legislation.nysenate.gov/pdf/bills/2025/S9051B. Read 2026-11-01. Checked by a second reader.
Law: Article 48
The act's name, or its bill and chapter, as the state's own text gives it.
The general business law is amended by adding a new article 2 48
Source: https://legislation.nysenate.gov/pdf/bills/2025/S9051B. Read 2026-11-01. Checked by a second reader.
Subject: unsafe AI companion features for minors
A short label, in the text's own words, for what the law regulates.
PROHIBITION ON UNSAFE AI COMPANION FEATURES FOR MINORS
Source: https://legislation.nysenate.gov/pdf/bills/2025/S9051B. Read 2026-11-01. Checked by a second reader.
Signed: October 28, 2026
The date the governor signed, as the official record writes it. Dates are left in the form the source uses.
October 28, 2026 Albany, NY Governor Hochul Signs Nation-Leading Legislation to Protect Kids From AI Chatbots
Source: https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-hochul-signs-nation-leading-legislation-protect-kids-ai-chatbots-and-ensure-baby. Read 2026-11-01. Checked by a second reader.
Takes effect: January 1, 2027
When the law says its duties begin, in its own words. Some laws start in stages, and the quote shows which duty the date belongs to. Blank if the text gives no date and no official page states one.
This act shall take effect January 1, 2027
Source: https://legislation.nysenate.gov/pdf/bills/2025/S9051B. Read 2026-11-01. Checked by a second reader.
Applies to: any person, partnership, association, firm, or business entity
Who has duties, in the law's own words. A law with several parts shows the part named in its quote.
"Operator" shall mean any person, partnership, association, firm, 21 or business entity
Source: https://legislation.nysenate.gov/pdf/bills/2025/S9051B. Read 2026-11-01. Checked by a second reader.
Enforced by: the attorney general
Who enforces it, as stated. Where the text only makes a violation part of another act, that act is shown. Blank if the text doesn't say.
the attorney general 46 may bring an action or special proceeding in the name and on behalf of 47 the people of the state of New York
Source: https://legislation.nysenate.gov/pdf/bills/2025/S9051B. Read 2026-11-01. Checked by a second reader.
Maximum penalty: twenty-five thousand dollars per violation
The highest civil penalty stated, in the law's words. Blank if the text names no amount. Damages in a private suit and penalties set by another act don't count.
to 54 obtain civil penalties of up to twenty-five thousand dollars per 55 violation
Source: https://legislation.nysenate.gov/pdf/bills/2025/S9051B. Read 2026-11-01. Checked by a second reader.
Private right of action: Not found
Yes or no only where the text says so plainly. Blank otherwise, including where a law just points to a consumer protection act.
No source we could use stated this. A blank never means no.
Latest change: Not found
The newest amendment, delay, repeal or replacement found in an official source. Blank with the places we looked if none was found, which doesn't prove there is none.
No source we could use stated this. A blank never means no.